A reference electrode is an electrode that has a stable and well-characterized electrode potential. The overall chemical reaction taking place in an electrochemical cell is composed of two independent half-reactions, which describe the chemical changes at the two electrodes. To focus on the reaction at the working electrode, the reference electrode is standardized with constant (buffered or saturated) concentrations of each participant in the redox reaction.
A silver chloride electrode is a type of reference electrode commonly used in electrochemical measurements. Due to environmental concerns, it has largely replaced the saturated calomel electrode. For instance, it is typically the internal reference electrode in pH meters and is frequently employed as a reference in reduction potential measurements. As an example, the silver chloride electrode is the most prevalent reference electrode for testing cathodic protection corrosion control systems in marine environments.
![DSC03236](https://tavana-cps.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/DSC03236-1024x768.jpg)